Comparative Evaluation of Various Techniques to Record Centric Relation- A Literature Review.

The documentation of centric relation from the completely edentulous patient and transferring the same to the fully-adjustable articulator or semi-adjustable articulator is the most essential step, that helps in diagnosing, treatment planning, and fabrication of the complete denture prosthesis, that aids in enhancing the facial aesthetics, function, speech, and maintenance of the stomatognathic system. Recording of maxillomandibular relationship is the most critical step, the relation of mandible to maxilla creates more controversy than any other dental-related studies. Hence to re-establish the maxillomandibular relationship in a completely edentulous patient is the most difficult task. However, a historical literature review in dentistry reveals that there are numerous techniques, philosophies, and materials that can be manipulated and used to record the maxillomandibular relationship. The recording of centric and eccentric relationship of the mandible to maxilla can be done using various techniques like check bite record, intra-oral graphic recording, extra-oral graphic recording, functional recording, radiographic imaging and measurements based on anatomical landmarks, and computerized assessment of maxillomandibular relationship based on jaw movement tracking systems. The principle reason of recording maxillomandibular relationship in all the centric and eccentric relationship is to re-establish a maxillomandibular relationship without an error, as stated in literature review, that to initiate any treatment in dentistry it is must to record centric relation with proper guidance of mandibular jaw to maxillary jaw that should be in harmony with all the muscles of mastication and facial expression including the temporomandibular joint and bony structure, that helps to maintain the health and growth of the muscle tissues and bony structures. This article discusses the in-depth details of these techniques and methods used in recording centric jaw relations.

A study to correlate the incidence of cross arch balance and working side occlusal wear facets among different age groups: An in vivo study.

Introduction: The prevalence of group function and canine guided occlusion is common in natural dentition, but cross arch balance is not often seen. Hence, a study was carried out with following objectives: Analysis of incidence of cross arch balance in different age groups and working side occlusal wear facets in following subjects. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 patients with natural dentition were included in the study. Subjects with cross arch balance were analyzed for working side occlusal wear facets. Data were analyzed statistically by Chi-square test. Results: The incidence of cross arch balance in the study group was 0.7%. On examination, subjects with group function on the working side and cross arch balance on the non-working side had more occlusal wear facets. Conclusion: From the study, it was observed that there was no significant variation in the number and extent of wear facets between the cross arch and without cross arch subjects due the smaller sample size hence it was difficult to conclude the relationship non-working side contact as interference and its influence in wearing of dentition in this study.

Definitive magnetic nasal prosthesis for partial nasal defect.

Maxillofacial trauma refers to any injury to the face or jaw caused by physical force, trauma, the presence of foreign objects, animal or human bites, and burns. Facial defects can be devastating in their impact on physical structure and function of the affected individual, leading to potential compromises in quality of life. Restoration of facial defects, especially nasal defects, is a difficult challenge for both the surgeon and the prosthodontist. Here is a case report of partial nasal defect caused by trauma, rehabilitated with a magnetic nasal prosthesis made with silicone elastomers using mechanical and anatomical retentive aids.

Crestal bone preservation: A review of different approaches for successful implant therapy.

The level of bone crest surrounding the implant is of utmost significance to determine osseointegrated implant success, as preservation of marginal bone height is highly important for long-term dental implant survival. Various approaches have been described in the literature to prevent the crestal bone loss, including platform switching, non-submerged approach, scalloped implants, implant design modifications, progressive loading, immediate implant placement, etc. The purpose of this paper is to review all the possible methods to preserve the crestal bone, when each method should be used and their success rates in an attempt to address this complex problem of crestal bone resorption. "PubMed" and "Google Scholar" were used to find out any studies involving platform switching concept from 1990 up to 2009. Twenty-four studies involving methods for preservation of crestal bone were evaluated, which included 26% studies on platform switching, 22% on non-submerged approach, 17% on scalloped implants, 13% on progressive loading and 22% on immediate implant placement. Crestal bone preservation should be thought of starting from the design of the implant to be placed. The technique to be followed in a given case will depend upon the density of bone, force factors by the patient, bone volume and amount of soft tissues, etc. The best possible method or the combination of the methods should be used to preserve the crestal bone for the long-term success of the implants.

An in vitro study to evaluate the effect of storage time and application of subsequent layers on the variation in thickness of three commercially available die spacers.

Aims : The application of a paint-on die spacer onto the dies prior to the fabrication of cast crowns is an acceptable procedure to improve the fit of the restoration. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the variation in thickness of different brands of die spacer based on the effect of storage time and application of additional layers. Materials and Methods: Dies were duplicated from a master model of ivorine teeth, with a full ceramic preparation. Dies obtained were then painted with one, two, and three coats of each brand of die-spacers separately. These dies were embedded in die stone and sectioned bucco-lingually. The same procedure was done after three and six months. The thickness of the paint on die spacer was measured at five points on the die using an optical microscope, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results and Conclusion : There was a definite variation in the thickness of the die spacer with all the three brands and at various points on the die. Two coat thicknesses were found to be in the range of tolerance of 20-40 microns. Thickness at occlusal groove was noted to be the maximum with least at occlusoaxial line angles. Thickness also showed a very significant increase when bottles were stored for a period of three to six months and then applied.